International Journal of Management studies and Social Science Research

Tiara Mulyawati Sutarvan 1, Erna Sofriana Imaningsih 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5801

ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the influence of green product quality, country of origin, and online customer reviews on the purchase decision of Innisfree green skincare products. The research object comprises respondents who have purchased and used Innisfree products and reside in the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). A total of 105 respondents were selected as the sample. Data was collected using questionnaires, and a descriptive quantitative approach was employed with data analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0 statistical software. The results indicate that green product quality and online customer reviews have a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, while country of origin has a positive but not significant effect on the purchase decision of Innisfree green skincare products.

Keyword: Green Product Quality, Country of Origin, Online Customer Review, Purchase Decision, Green Skincare

Pahala Budiman Marbun 1, Rosalendro Eddy Nugroho 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5802

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the influence of project leaders, management transformation, and the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the success of housing construction projects. Management transformation is tested as a mediating variable linking project leaders and SDGs implementation to project success. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with a two-stage secondorder model, results show that project leadership significantly influences project success directly and indirectly through management transformation. Management transformation has a strategic role, significantly enhancing project success. Moreover, SDGs implementation significantly affects management transformation and directly improves project success. This emphasizes the importance of synergy between project leadership, management transformation, and sustainability in ensuring construction project achievement.

Keyword: Project Leader, Management Transformation, SDGs, Project Success, PLS-SEM

Hanna Amierah Arsat 1, Dr. Jessnor Elmy Mat Jizat 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5803

ABSTRACT: This article presents a literature review on the relationship between technology readiness, technology acceptance, and the effectiveness of online learning, with a particular focus on undergraduates at Sultan Idris Education University (UPSI). The discussion is guided by the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which are widely used to explain individual differences in adopting technology. Previous empirical studies have highlighted both positive drivers—such as optimism, usefulness, and perceived ease of use—as well as challenges including discomfort and lack of technological confidence. Findings across the literature suggest that students' levels of readiness and acceptance are generally moderate, and these factors play a significant role in shaping the effectiveness of online learning. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding students' perspectives to inform higher education policies, particularly in improving the design, accessibility, and sustainability of e-learning initiatives in Malaysia.

Keyword: Online Learning; Technology Readiness; Technology Acceptance; Higher Education; Malaysia; Undergraduate Students

Muhammad Dede Jamaludin 1, Dudi Permana 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5804

ABSTRACT: This study aims to examine the influence of Generative Leadership on Sustainable Performance in the Indonesian food MSME sector by investigating the mediating roles of Green Passion and Green Work Behavior. Given the growing environmental challenges faced by MSMEs, this research integrates Self-Determination Theory and Social Learning Theory to explore how leadership can foster environmentally responsible behaviors and improve sustainability outcomes. The findings are expected to contribute both theoretically and practically to the advancement of green leadership and sustainable practices in small business contexts. The research design used in this study is quantitative research, with data collection method using survey method. and research instrument in the form of questionnaires share with respondents online is designed with specific criteria and weighted values based on a Likert scale. The research method employed is causal analysis. The sample consists of 279 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The data analysis model used is Partial Least Squares (PLS), and analysis technique applied is descriptive. This study found that Generative Leadership has a positive and significant effect on Sustainable Performance, both directly and through Green Passion and Green Work Behavior as mediators. Generative Leadership, by encouraging environmentally friendly values and behaviors, plays an important role in improving the sustainable performance of food industry MSMEs amid market demands for sustainable business practices.

Keyword: Generative Leadership; Green Passion; Green Work Behavior; Sustainable Performance.

Rahmawati Fitriyah 1, Aldina Shiratina 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5805

ABSTRACT: This study investigates how green knowledge, green economic value, and green perceived quality influence the purchase intention of green turf equpment in golf courses. As the environmental impact of the sports sector gains attention, golf emerges as a resource-intensive activity due to its high consumption of water, energy, and chemicals, contributing to pollution and ecological degradation. In Indonesia, with approximately 170 golf courses in operation, the adoption of sustainable technologies remains limited despite growing environmental concerns. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study focuses on Generation X decisionmakers responsible for equipment purchasing at golf courses. Data from 142 respondents were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study confirms that green knowledge and green perceived quality significantly drive purchase intention for green turf equipment, while green economic value shows no effect. This suggests that Generation X consumers prioritize quality and environmental responsibility over economic considerations, underscoring the importance of psychological and value-based factors in sustainable purchasing.

Keyword: Green knowledge, Green economic value, Green perceived quality, Purchase intention, green turf equipment, Golf course sustainability, Theory of Planned Behavior

Wutchirawan Ariyanontakul 1, and Adchariya Auppakarakul 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5806

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to study the impression and positive experience of consumers’ purchase decision for vitamins, and to propose a guideline for increasing sales of Yadee Pharmacare vitamins for Panya Pharmacare store, Khon Kaen Province. This qualitative research was collected from 20 customers of Panya Pharmacare Store by positive interview using appreciation inquiry, which to find the convergences and divergences factors. The study results showed the following key factors of the convergences were 1) pharmacists provide advice and consultation, 2) good service, 3) dispenses medicines that are appropriate for the symptoms or diseases, 4) quality medicines, 5) variety of medicines and products, and 6) medicines and products that meet the needs. The analysis of SOAR analysis to design the guideline for increasing sales of Yadee Pharmacare vitamins for Panya Pharmacare store, Khon Kaen Province. The 3 projects from this plan were: Project 1 "Nong Panya" with good service and care for customers; Project 2 "Nong Panya" with comprehensive coverage; and Project 3 "Very worthwhile with "Nong Panya". After the project was implemented, it was found that sales of Yadee Pharmacare Vitamins products tended to increase, and 1,000 customers knew about Yadee Pharmacare Vitamins.

Keyword: Increasing Sales, Vitamin, appreciation inquiry, SOAR analysis, 4Es Marketing

Amal Obaikah A.Alshammari & Mahmoud Abdelhamid Saleh

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5807

ABSTRACT: Purpose - This paper aims to investigate the impact of perceived risks on overall image of drone food delivery (DFD) service as a new concept testing in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, this study examines how the image of drone food delivery services influences consumers' intentions to use these services. Design/methodology/approach - This study employs Perceived Risk Theory as its theoretical framework. Data were collected from 321 respondents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling to examine the hypothesized relationships among variables. Findings - The study found that performance, delivery, privacy, and psychological risks are negatively influencing the overall image of drone food delivery services. Conversely, financial risks were found to have insignificant impact. The study also found that a favorable overall image of drone food delivery services significantly impacts consumers' intention to use the service. Originality/value - This study introduces a novel examination of drone food delivery as a new service concept in Saudi Arabia. it provides valuable insight for food delivery companies in Saudi Arabia by exploring factors that influence consumer intention to use DFD, thereby aiding in service improvement and strategic decision-making.

Keyword: Image, Perceived risk, Drone food delivery services, Intentions to use.

Julissa Aguero & Herbert Sherman

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5808

ABSTRACT: First Solar, founded in 1999, is a leading American solar technology company dedicated to developing sustainable energy solutions. First Solar focuses on producing environmentally efficient solar modules that address climate change, with a strong emphasis on sustainability and corporate social responsibility across the entire product lifecycle. Headquartered in the U.S., First Solar differentiates itself from other top solar manufacturers by not relying on China for its production. Its vertically integrated manufacturing process ensures control over every stage, from raw material sourcing to end-of-life recycling. This strategic analysis includes the use of the following: external/environmental analysis tools (PESTLE, Five Forces and Competitor Analyses) as well as internal analyses (VRIO, Value Chain and Functional). All of these analyses culminate in a SWOT analysis of the firm including recommendations for future actions.

Keyword: Case study, strategic analysis, solar technology.

Okee Jill Margaret 1*, Ssekandi Herbert 1, Kizito Bada Joseph 1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5809

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the relationship between interoperability and learning enhancement among Kampala-based universities. Using a cross-sectional survey of 293 students from three universities, data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression. Results revealed pedagogy-focused interoperability (β=4.024, p<0.01) and secure data collaboration (β=3.832, p<0.01) as paramount predictors of learning gains, correlating strongly with multimedia engagement (r=0.629) and AI adaptation (r=0.630). Conversely, AI analytics showed significant influence (β=2.491, p<0.01) but low student acceptance (mean=2.26), indicating a perception-efficacy disconnect, while infrastructure gaps marginalized personalization’s impact (β=1.545, p=0.059). The study concludes that interoperability enhances learning most effectively when prioritizing pedagogical alignment, security, and equitable access, yet infrastructure deficits and cultural skepticism toward AI limit its potential. Developing offlinecapable, low-bandwidth tools, Co-designing culturally responsive AI and Policy frameworks integrating technical standards with socio-technical support are recommended.

Keyword: Technological interoperability, learning efficiency

AA Media Martadiani 1*, Ni Nyoman Suriani 2, Ida Bagus Komang Suarka 3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5810

ABSTRACT: This study examines the influence of burnout on cyberloafing behavior among private university lecturers in Denpasar, considering the role of personality moderation. The urgency of this research departs from the increasingly heavy demands faced by lecturers, such as scientific publication targets, administrative workloads, and demands for technological adaptation, which have the potential to trigger emotional and psychological fatigue. Cyberloafing, which is the use of the internet for personal gain during working hours, is often seen as a counterproductive behavior, but under certain conditions it can also serve as a coping mechanism against stress. Using a quantitative approach with an explanatory design, this study involved private university lecturers selected through purposive sampling. Data was obtained through a questionnaire based on the Likert scale and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) based structural equation modeling techniques. The results showed that burnout had a positive and significant effect on cyberloafing tendencies, while personality not only directly influenced these behaviors but also strengthened the relationship between burnout and cyberloafing. This research contributes to the development of the theory of Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) as well as broadens the understanding of the role of personality in the context of higher education. In practical terms, these findings confirm the importance of workload management strategies, stress mitigation programs, and policies that direct the use of the internet to be more productive and adaptive for lecturers.

Keyword: Burnout; Cyberloafing; Personality; Lecturer; Private Universities

Gusti Ayu Sugiati 1, Ketut Sudarmini 2, Ni Made Rustini 3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5811

ABSTRACT: Warmadewa University, as one of the private universities in Bali, has a vision of becoming a quality university with an ecotourism perspective and global competitiveness by 2034. To be able to compete in meeting the demands of the global job market, the crucial role of lecturers as educators is needed. Therefore, this research is urgently conducted so that educators/lecturers improve their performance towards a quality and globally competitive university, based on the Sapta Bayu values as an organizational culture. The results of the study : 1) Global mindset and growth mindset have a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance, 2) Global mindset has a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance, 3) Growth mindset has a positive and significant effect on lecturers, 4) Sapta Bayu organizational culture does not moderate the effect of global mindset on lecturer performance, 5) Sapta Bayu organizational culture does not moderate the effect of growth mindset on lecturer performance at Warmadewa University.

Keyword: Lecturer performance, global mindset, growth mindset, Sapta Bayu organizational culture

UZU, Mustard S.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5812

ABSTRACT: Throughout its history, Nigeria has experienced numerous political unrests, ranging from the colonial era to the post-colonial administration, as influenced by unresolved national questions. Some evident crises include the Kano riot of 1953; census crisis of 1962; federal election crisis of 1964; coup and counter coups of 1966; Nigerian Civil War of 1967–1970; June 12, 1993, presidential election nullification; and the recent incessant threat of secessionist agitations from the Eastern Nigeria, Boko-Haram terrorism and herders' crisis that is dominant in Northern Nigeria. This paper examines the influence of unresolved national questions on Biafra secessionist agitation in Nigeria's Fourth Republic using two groups—the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) and the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB)—as case studies. The paper reports on a study that adopted a phenomenological design and a qualitative research method, analyzing the data thematically. Relative Deprivation Theory was employed. The study found unresolved national questions influenced the incessant Biafra secessionist agitations in Nigeria's Fourth Republic. In addition, the marginalization of the Igbos in the Nigerian government was found to be the major trigger of the Biafra secessionist movements. The study also found that the use of military force in combating Biafra secessionist agitations by the Nigerian government did not curb or resolve the agitation of Biafra but rather escalated it. Therefore, the study suggested indigenous conflict resolution as a means of curbing the issue of secessionist agitation in Nigeria. The study concluded that the unresolved national question triggers secessionist agitation, while the marginalization of the Igbos is the root cause of incessant Biafra secessionist agitation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. Negotiation with the secessionist leaders through their traditional rulers was discovered to be a possible means for curbing Biafra agitation. Dissolution or balkanization of Nigeria was found to be the only solution to put a stop to Biafra secessionist agitations.

Keyword: Biafra, IPOB, MASSOB, Marginalization, National Question, Nigerian’s Fourth Republic and Secession

Iman Baqer Ameen 1, Asaad Mohammed Ali Wahhab 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5813

ABSTRACT: Companies are vulnerable to audit risks related to fraud and financial statement manipulation. This study aims to measure the level of geometric thinking among external auditors and to demonstrate its impact on risk reduction. Accounting and auditing professionals face a significant challenge in Iraq and worldwide. Its secondary objective is to quantify the degree to which geometric thinking helps to mitigate audit risks. Accounting scholars, practitioners, and relevant professional organizations must address the long list of problems that have plagued auditors and their work to strengthen the credibility of the auditing profession, protect the investments of stakeholders, and keep the economy from collapsing. The development of a questionnaire accomplished this objective. There were two axes to it. The first one focused on testing the external auditor's technical acumen. A total of 23 questions covering four areas (geometric skill selfevaluation, geometric mindset, geometric thought process, and individual growth) made up the axis. Audit risk was measured along the second axis. It was 20 questions long and covered four areas: lowering risks associated with detection, internal controls, analytical techniques, and inherent hazards. The study population consisted of audit businesses and public sector auditors in Iraq. A total of 121 participants were chosen at random, with three questionnaires being discarded because they were deemed unfit for research. For this analysis, 119 surveys were considered legitimate. To test hypotheses and draw conclusions, SPSS Version 27.01 was used for statistical analysis, including descriptive and factor statistics, basic linear regression, correlation, and other methods. Audit risk reduction and auditors' geometric thinking were shown to be 86.6% correlated. Additionally, all the auditors who participated in the survey felt the need to hone their abilities in creating testing models for internal control systems. Additionally, most respondents believed that improving geometric thinking abilities requires creativity as an integral component of problem-solving in the workplace.

Keyword: External Auditor, Geometric thinking, fraud, Audit Risks

Layla Hafni S 1, Evelyn Wijaya 2, Latifathun Kasanah 3, Gus Andri 4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5814

ABSTRACT: This research aims to determine the impact of person-organization fit through innovation trust on innovative work behavior in automotive companies in Riau. This study is a quantitative study that uses a sample of all salespersons in one automotive company in Riau totaling 184 salespersons. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate both direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The results of the study prove that Innovation Trust has a non-significant positive effect on innovative work behavior, Person-Organization Fit has a significant positive effect on Innovation Trust, and Person-Organization Fit has a non-significant positive effect on innovative work behavior with Innovation Trust as a mediating variable. This reseach shows the discovery or novelty that innovation trust can act as a mediator for innovative work behavior in enhancing innovation and creative ideas of salesperson, although not significantly. These findings are expected to assot automotive companies in improving the innovative work behavior of salesperson in general.

Keyword: Person-Organization Fit; Innovation Trust; Innovative Work Behavior

N'ZAMBI-MIKOULOU Donald 1, MOUKENGUE BOUEYA Wenceslas Crepin 2 & MAKITA Samrey Kejlard 3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5815

ABSTRACT: The exploration of David Lindsey’s The Color of Night enables us to discover how the protagonist Strand goes from widowerhood to a new love affair with his sweetheart Mara Song after the death of Romy his first beloved partner. In fact, after the killing of the latter by her own brother named Schrade for stealing his money, the widower Strand finds it better to overcome his psychological pains from this mourning event by falling in love with Mara Song, a female character who refuses to betray him to the Foreign Intelligence Service on behalf of their love affair. With the help of some American soldiers trained to kill all those who are considered as a treat to the American nation, he ends up succeeding in avenging for his first wife's murder by killing Schrade. The author's account for this protagonist's love experience appears, in this regard, as a way for him to invite the reader to understand the fate reserved to all those individuals who consider embezzlement and murder as "an exit way" to succeed in life. For, one sees how Romy and Schrade finish up dying because of these two inhuman practices.

Keyword: Love, Embezzlement, Murder, Widowerhood, Revenge.

Phan Ngoc Hong 1, Tran Ngoc Minh 1 and Truong Ngoc Minh 1*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5816

ABSTRACT: Stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two major neurological disorders with increasing global prevalence, affecting approximately 15 million and 55 million individuals respectively. Despite their distinct clinical presentations, both conditions share overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. This review synthesizes current literature on the application of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based metabolomics to identify shared metabolic signatures between stroke and AD. HPLC remains a widely accessible and reliable platform for quantifying disease-relevant metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and brain tissue. Key metabolites such as homocysteine, glutamate, kynurenine, lactate, and myo-inositol, linked to excitotoxicity, inflammation, and bioenergetic failure, demonstrate consistent alterations across both diseases and show diagnostic potential, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.70 to 0.83. By mapping these biochemical changes, HPLC-based metabolomics offers a practical approach for early detection, disease monitoring, and mechanistic understanding of neurodegeneration. Beyond the biomedical implications, this interdisciplinary review contributes to evidence-based research management by demonstrating how analytical platforms can be leveraged to support translational goals across clinical and public health systems. The findings underscore the importance of integrating biochemical profiling into broader diagnostic and healthcare strategies aimed at aging-related neurological conditions.

Keyword: Alzheimer’s disease, HPLC, metabolomics, stroke, biomarkers

I Made Wianto Putra 1, AA Media Martadiani 2, Made Setini 3*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5817

ABSTRACT: This community service program was carried out in Beng Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali, with a focus on Bali Bagus Barong MSMEs, a manufacturer of clothes. These MSMEs face obstacles in financial literacy, traditional production processes, and the lack of digital marketing. The goal of the program is to increase competitiveness through financial literacy, strengthening production capacity, and digital marketing strategies. The methods used include observation, counseling, training, mentoring, and evaluation. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in financial records, separation of personal and business finances, and the use of social media for product promotion. The real impact is an increase in assets of up to 30% and an increase in turnover of around 50%. Thus, digital marketing strategies have proven to be effective in increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs in the midst of fierce market competition.

Keyword: MSMEs, community service, financial literacy, digital marketing

Thanawadee Mahattanan 1, and Bussagorn Leejoeiwara 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5818

ABSTRACT: The global coffee market was one of the businesses that were continuously growing, including the coffee market in Thailand. This research article aims to study the marketing mix factors, social media perception, social media engagement, and the factors affecting consumer choice of coffee shop in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Khon Kaen, Thailand. This quantitative research involves a sample group of 400 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis. The results of the study found that the overall of opinions on the marketing mix factors in choosing a coffee shop was at the highest level. The overall of opinions on social media perception factors in choosing a coffee shop was at a moderate level. The overall of social media engagement opinions in choosing a coffee shop was at a high level. The hypothesis testing found that marketing mix factors in place and processes aspects affected the selection of a coffee shop. Social media perception in Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok aspects did not affect the selection of a coffee shop. Social media participation in emotional engagement aspects affected the selection of a coffee shop in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Khon Kaen Province.

Keyword: Marketing Mix Factors, Social Media Perception, Social Media Engagement, Selection the Coffee Shop

Onyekachukwu Ernest Ebenebe; Uju Regina Ezenekwe; Christopher U. Kalu; Amaka G. Metu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5819

ABSTRACT: The Anambra State Health Insurance Scheme (ASHIS) is a pivotal initiative designed to enhance healthcare delivery and protect residents of Anambra State, Nigeria, from the financial risks associated with health emergencies. The scheme aims to promote early detection, preventive care, and effective management of diseases, thereby improving overall population well-being. This study investigates household adoption of ASHIS and its impact on health-seeking behavior, employing a logit model on data collected from 513 respondents, including both enrollees and non-enrollees. The study indicates that ASHIS enrollment significantly increases healthcare utilization, with enrollees accessing services more frequently than non-enrollees, likely due to reduced out-ofpocket expenditures. Key determinants of adoption include distance to healthcare facilities, awareness of the scheme, profession, income, household size, and spatial location. Despite the positive effects, overall adoption remains low, particularly among rural and semi-urban populations. These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies, including community-based schemes, mobile outreach programs, and public awareness campaigns, to expand coverage, improve accessibility, and enhance the effectiveness of ASHIS in achieving universal health coverage.

Keyword: Health insurance, Nigeria, Logit model, Anambra State Health Insurance Scheme

Merryrose Red Palma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5820

ABSTRACT: Digital technologies have revolutionized various aspects of daily life and business operations, particularly through the introduction of advanced online payment systems. As the global marketplace becomes increasingly digital, internet infrastructure and banking systems have emerged as essential components for facilitating online shopping and commercial transactions. This digital transformation has significantly altered traditional business practices, making electronic payment systems more accessible and prevalent. This study investigates the role of digital payment methods on traditional retail businesses in Santa Cruz, Marinduque, focusing on how these methods contribute to business innovation and growth. By exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting digital payments, the research aims to identify the specific issues traditional business owners face when integrating these technologies into their operations. Employing a descriptive research methodology, the study collects and analyzes data from residents of Santa Cruz, Marinduque who have direct experience with traditional retail businesses. Through surveys and interviews, the research examines how digital payment systems influence business performance, customer satisfaction, and overall operational efficiency. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of digital payments in reshaping traditional retail businesses. By identifying the barriers and benefits of adopting digital payment methods, the research offers valuable insights for entrepreneurs and business owners seeking to leverage these technologies to enhance their competitiveness and foster innovation.

Keyword: traditional retail, digital payment systems, business innovation, and online transactions

Merryrose Red Palma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5821

ABSTRACT: This study examines the effect of consumer socioeconomic status (SES) on the success of small business enterprises (SBEs) in Santa Cruz, Marinduque, with consumer purchasing behavior as a mediating factor. The research specifically explores how income level, employment status, and social support influence consumer spending habits and, in turn, impact business performance in terms of sales, profitability, and growth. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered from business owners and consumers across five barangays in Santa Cruz, utilizing structured survey questionnaires. Findings reveal that income level (M = 3.75, High) is the strongest predictor of consumer purchasing behavior, followed by employment status (M = 3.40, Moderate) and social support (M = 3.20, Moderate). The Pearson correlation analysis confirmed a strong positive relationship (r = 0.72) between income level and business success, indicating that higher consumer income leads to increased sales and profitability. However, business growth (M = 3.30, Moderate) was less affected, suggesting that entrepreneurial reinvestment and market expansion strategies are necessary for long-term sustainability. To address these challenges, the study recommends that small businesses offer budget-friendly products, implement flexible payment options, enhance digital marketing strategies, and seek financial support from government agencies and private institutions. By adopting these strategies, businesses can improve customer accessibility, sustain revenue stability, and adapt to economic fluctuations. The study aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 (No Poverty), 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and 10 (Reduced Inequalities), contributing valuable insights for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and researchers in developing inclusive economic strategies for small business sustainability

Keyword: socioeconomic status, small business enterprises, consumer purchasing behavior, income level, entrepreneurial management

Merryrose Red Palma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5822

ABSTRACT: Implementing proper financial management practices, such as working capital budgeting, capital structure, and internal controls, is crucial for optimizing profitability and ensuring the long-term viability of a business. The study was conducted to determine the financial management practices and they're on the business performance of the food businesses in Gasan, Marinduque. Sustained business success cannot be achieved solely through financial resources. Effective management and consideration of multiple factors are essential for making sound financial decisions. To obtain the required data from the twenty-nine (29) respondents, the researchers employed a quantitative and correlational study methodology. The results showed that 2.8912, or a modest degree of practice, was computed as the overall weighted mean for financial management. With a score of 6.586, the business performance was rated as being at a reasonably good level. Additionally, the research showed that there was a substantial positive correlation of 0.886 between the variables in question. Additionally, financial management techniques were shown to be responsible for 75% of the variation in firm performance, indicating their significant influence. It was determined that the two variables under study in the area have a substantial link and that an increase of one unit in financial management techniques will result in a 2.887-unit improvement in company performance. Long-term business performance will be improved by the researcher's seminar and recording booklet, which will further improve the business managers' financial management techniques.

Keyword: financial management, capital budgeting, working capital management, capital structure, internal controls, business performance, significant relationship

Merryrose Red Palma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5823

ABSTRACT: This study is predicated to evaluate the best practices employed by various successful business enterprises using Santa Cruz, Marinduque as the study locale. By focusing on key areas such as employee engagement, reward systems, company culture, workload distribution, and flexible work policies, the research sought to identify the practices that contribute most effectively to business success. Additionally, the study explored the challenges business owners face in maintaining and enhancing these best practices, offering insights into how these challenges can be mitigated to ensure sustained success. Using descriptive research through survey methodologies, significant findings confirmed that the best practices implemented by successful business enterprises indeed play a crucial role in driving business success. These practices not only help businesses achieve their goals but also provide a structured approach to navigating the complexities of running a business. A clear understanding of these best practices offers a roadmap for business owners, showing the direction toward success and identifying key milestones along the journey. The study also identifies several challenges faced by business owners, such as balancing workload distribution, maintaining high levels of employee engagement, and creating a positive company culture. To address these challenges, the researcher suggests the implementation of strategic training and development plans. These plans are designed to enhance the knowledge and skills of business owners and their employees, equipping them with the tools needed to effectively apply best practices. By doing so, businesses can overcome obstacles, improve operational efficiency, and achieve long-term success.

Keyword: best practices, assessment, business success, employee engagement, training and development

NWACHUKWU M. ANYIM, Ph.D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5824

ABSTRACT: Virtue-based ethical theory has been revived by scholars as a challenge to the dominant ethical theories of utilitarianism and Kantianism. Both Plato and Aristotle made contributions to the emergence of this theory but Aristotle is generally regarded as developing the ethical theory which proposed that the virtue of the moral agent should determine the morality of human conduct. Neo-Aristotelian conception of virtue ethics does not fundamentally differ from the major theses of Aristotle’s analysis of virtue. This is the case with the views of some of the contemporary supporters of virtue ethics such as Elizabeth Anscombe and Alasdair Maclyntre. There are many problems associated with both Aristotle's and neo-Aristotelian's concept of virtue-based ethics. One of the problems is that virtue, on its own, is an insufficient tool for addressing moral problems such as the problem of corruption. The objective of this paper is to analyze virtue-based ethics and its link with the problem of corruption in Nigeria. Based on the analysis of the tenets of virtue-based ethics and the concept of corruption in Nigeria, this paper proposed that the character of the moral agent is merely one of the factors which could determine whether an action is moral or not. The paper concluded that virtue-based ethical theory cannot solve the problem of corruption in Nigeria and that the enactment of proper legislation and strengthening of social and political institutions are necessary in tackling the problem of corruption in Nigeria.

Keyword: Virtue-based ethics, corruption, utility, duty, Kantianism, Neo-Aristotelian virtue-based ethics.

Dr. Justo Soratos Anaquita, Jr. & Dr. Michael Bracamonte Dizon

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5825

ABSTRACT: Multiculturalism is an evolving idea amid the thickening of multicultural networks of education. This mixed-methods research using the convergent parallel approach revealed the level of awareness, skills, preparedness, perceived classroom and institutional multicultural education practices of teachers in a barangay high school situated in an IP community, Iloilo, Philippines. A validated researcher-mad questionnaire and personal interview were used to gather data. Mean, Standard Deviation, Frequency and Percentage, MannWhitney and Kruskal Wallis, Spearman rho tests were utilized to analyze the results. The data showed that teachers were "somewhat aware," "proficient," and "prepared" for multicultural education. It was also shown that teachers and the institution "Highly Practiced" multiculturalism and diversity management. In addition, there is a significant difference in the teachers' level of skills and awareness on multicultural education in terms of age and marital status, respectively. Further, the data showed that there a strong relationship between teachers' level of skills and preparedness for multicultural education, and a very high correlation between their level of preparedness and institutional diversity management practices. Lastly, personal qualities; fostering inclusivity, leadership skills; incorporating students' cultural backgrounds, experiences, and perspectives into teaching practices; and imposing a culturally sensitive approach are essential factors to address cultural diversity issues.

Keyword: multicultural education awareness, multicultural education practices, preparation for multicultural education, multicultural skills, diversity management, mixed methods-convergent parallel approach, Iloilo, Philippines

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denitsa Muchkurska

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5826

ABSTRACT: The study explores consumer attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in advertising, focusing on perceptions of credibility, ethical concerns, and demographic factors such as age and digital literacy. The research investigates four hypotheses: (1) AI-generated advertisements are perceived as less credible than those created by humans; (2) attitudes toward AI in advertising are positively related to age and digital competence; (3) expectations of AI dominance in the future are negatively associated with acceptance of virtual influencers as reliable advertising figures; and (4) consumers with higher ethical concerns are more likely to reject AI-generated advertisements. The study was conducted with 154 respondents using an original questionnaire, designed with Likert-scale items and visual stimuli, distributed online. Results provide insights into the opportunities and challenges of AI integration in advertising, highlighting the balance between technological innovation and consumer trust.

Keyword: Artificial intelligence; advertising; consumer attitudes; credibility; ethics

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denis Nikiforov

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5827

ABSTRACT: The report analyzes intergenerational interaction in the workplace and the related challenges and opportunities. Based on empirical research conducted using the Delphi method, specific trends are outlined in the integration of artificial intelligence and robotic technologies into psychological practice and organizational communication. The results indicate that technological optimism increases with age and education, while younger respondents and those with limited knowledge of AI demonstrate higher levels of skepticism. Correlational analysis confirms that digitalization and automation are perceived as interconnected processes, with the preservation of the human factor in therapy remaining a key challenge. The forecast for 2040 envisions the gradual integration of social robots into clinical practice and psychological organizations, where they will assist professionals without replacing their roles. This study highlights the need for a balanced combination of technology, empathy, and intergenerational collaboration to ensure sustainable development in organizational environments.

Keyword: generation, workplace, artificial intelligence, social robots, organizational communication.

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denis Nikiforov

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5828

ABSTRACT: This scientific article presents an in-depth analysis of the methods used to study the factors of success within the Bulgarian socio-cultural context. The emphasis is placed on the Big Five personality model. The study focuses on the interaction between individual, social, and cultural factors that determine success in the Bulgarian socio-cultural environment. An analysis of a pilot study conducted through an online survey with psychology students from Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski” is integrated in order to evaluate its methodological effectiveness. The results highlight the necessity of employing combined methods to achieve comprehensive conclusions.

Keyword: success factors, Big Five, Bulgarian socio-cultural environment, positive psychology

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Paulina Tsvetkova, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5829

ABSTRACT: Recent advances in artificial intelligence, computer vision and affective computing have led to the development of powerful platforms capable of recognizing human emotions through facial expressions and physiological signals. These technologies are finding increasingly wide applications in psychological research, education, healthcare, marketing, and human–computer interaction. The integration of advanced biometric technologies into psychological research opens up opportunities for understanding human emotions and behavior. This article explores the potential of such a platform as a tool in psychological research, emphasizing its role in enhancing the accuracy, validity, and scalability of studies related to emotion recognition. We examine how similar platforms contribute to a deeper understanding of emotional processes and transform methodological approaches in the behavioral sciences. The article also discusses ethical considerations, challenges of real-world implementation, and future directions for the development of emotion recognition technologies.

Keyword: psychological research, emotion recognition, artificial intelligence, biometric technologies

Paulina Tsvetkova, PhD; Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5830

ABSTRACT: Social robotics is an innovative field in the development of cyber-physical systems, which is finding increasingly widespread application in areas requiring intensive human communication, such as education and psychology. This article examines the role and potential of social robots as a tool in psychological practice, as well as for the training and development of key professional skills in future psychologists. The main types of social robots used in the field of psychology are presented and their effectiveness is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the opportunities that social robotics provides for simulating real social interactions and supporting the development of communication, diagnostic, and therapeutic skills. It also discusses the challenges related to the reliability, standardization, and adaptability of robots, as well as the need for new methodologies for their effective integration into the training of psychologists. The document outlines future directions for research and development that can contribute to transforming the educational environment through social robotics and improving the quality of training for psychology professionals.

Keyword: social robotics, psychology, training, professional skills

Paulina Tsvetkova, PhD; Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5831

ABSTRACT: Mental health has become a central issue in contemporary society, particularly among children and adolescents, whose psychological development is strongly influenced by rapid technological change. This paper explores the dual role of technology as both a risk factor and a potential resource for supporting mental wellbeing. On one hand, excessive screen time, social media exposure, and digital dependency are associated with anxiety, depression, and reduced self-esteem. On the other hand, technology can foster positive outcomes by enabling access to mental health resources, online counseling, peer support networks, and educational platforms that promote resilience. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach in integrating technology into the daily lives of young people, while also addressing ethical concerns, parental guidance, and digital literacy. The findings underline that technology, if managed responsibly, can serve as a powerful tool for enhancing mental health rather than undermining it.

Keyword: Mental health, Children and adolescents, Technology, Social media, Digital well-being

Paulina Tsvetkova, PhD; Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5832

ABSTRACT: The integration of robotics into mental health care has emerged as a promising frontier in therapeutic innovation. Robots are increasingly applied in diverse contexts, ranging from social support and companionship to structured therapeutic interventions for individuals with anxiety, depression, autism spectrum disorders, and dementia. Their role includes facilitating patient engagement, reducing stigma, and offering consistent and adaptive support that complements the work of clinicians. Recent research highlights their effectiveness in enhancing adherence to therapy, improving emotional well-being, and fostering social interaction, especially among children, adolescents, and elderly populations. However, ethical concerns remain regarding dependency, privacy, and the replacement of human contact in sensitive clinical settings. While the field demonstrates considerable potential, further longitudinal and cross-cultural studies are required to evaluate long-term outcomes and ensure the safe, ethical, and equitable implementation of robotic technologies in mental health support.

Keyword: Robots in therapy, Mental health support, Assistive technologies, Human–robot interaction, Digital mental health interventions

Paulina Tsvetkova, PhD; Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5833

ABSTRACT: Social robots are increasingly being utilized as innovative tools to foster emotional well-being and social skill development, particularly among children, adolescents, and individuals with special needs. Their ability to simulate social interaction, provide consistent emotional feedback, and engage users in structured activities positions them as valuable complements to traditional therapeutic and educational practices. Research demonstrates that social robots can enhance empathy, communication, and cooperation, while also reducing feelings of isolation and anxiety. They have shown particular promise in interventions with children on the autism spectrum, where gradual exposure to controlled, predictable interactions helps improve social adaptability. Despite these advantages, concerns remain regarding over-reliance, authenticity of emotional responses, and the ethical implications of replacing human interaction with robotic engagement. Future directions point toward hybrid models that integrate social robots with human-led interventions, supported by advances in artificial intelligence that enable more personalized and context-sensitive interactions..

Keyword: Social robots, Emotional well-being, Social skills development, Human–robot interaction, Assistive technology

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc; Ludmila-Mariya Nikolaeva Zaykova

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5834

ABSTRACT: The present paper outlines the main steps for the adaptation, digitalization, and AI integration of Louis Janda’s self-assessment tool for adults in Bulgaria. The adaptation process involves translation and backtranslation, cultural validation, item harmonization, and psychometric testing to ensure reliability and validity in the Bulgarian context. In parallel, the study discusses opportunities for digital transformation of the tool, including online administration and automated data processing. Finally, the potential role of artificial intelligence is considered in enhancing analysis through predictive modeling, personalized feedback, and adaptive assessment. This combined framework aims to modernize the classical instrument and expand its application for research and practice in the fields of self-assessment, well-being, and quality of life during the transition to retirement.

Keyword: Adaptation, Digitalization, Artificial Intelligence, Self-assessment, Well-being

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Ivanka Davcheva

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5835

ABSTRACT: This review systematizes some of the main existing methods, emphasizing their importance for understanding the complex mechanisms of digital communication and its impact on society. The overview of approaches to studying digital communication highlights the necessity of combining traditional and technologyoriented methods to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the socio-psychological processes in online communication and to develop effective strategies for promoting digital literacy and mental health.

Keyword: digital communication, social networks, mental health, quantitative and qualitative methods, machine learning

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5836

ABSTRACT: This paper explores the potential of the PAYTON social robot as a supportive tool for fostering emotional well-being among children in school environments. With the growing presence of social robots in education, the integration of PAYTON provides an opportunity to promote empathy, emotional regulation, and social connectedness. Drawing on recent advances in human–robot interaction, this study examines how PAYTON can be applied in classrooms to support children’s emotional health and to complement traditional psychological and pedagogical approaches. The research is grounded in the increasing importance of digital wellbeing, particularly in post-pandemic contexts where children face heightened risks of stress, social isolation, and emotional challenges. Findings are expected to demonstrate that PAYTON’s interactive and responsive features can enhance engagement, improve emotional awareness, and strengthen peer relationships, ultimately contributing to healthier learning environments.

Keyword: Social robots, Emotional well-being, Children, Education, Human–robot interaction

Elitsa Dudulaki

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5837

ABSTRACT: The rapid development of robotic technologies in recent years has created new opportunities in the field of healthcare. Beyond surgical robots, assistive robots play a significant role in supporting daily patient care, facilitating the transportation of materials, and improving the quality of life for vulnerable groups (Kachouie, Sedighadeli, Khosla, & Chu, 2014). In Greece, where the healthcare system faces challenges due to an ageing population (Eurostat, 2022), staff shortages, and limited resources (OECD, 2021), the integration of assistive robots has become particularly relevant. This article examines the types and applications of assistive robots, focusing on pilot initiatives in Greek hospitals (Papadopoulos & Kalogianni, 2019), their potential benefits, and the barriers hindering their implementation. Through a review of international and Greek literature, combined with an analysis of the current situation, the paper aims to outline the pathways for integrating robotic technologies into the Greek healthcare system with a human-centered approach (World Health Organization, 2021).

Keyword: Assistive robots, Healthcare, Hospitals, Greece, Robotic care, Artificial intelligence

Ivanka Davcheva

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5838

ABSTRACT: The accelerating digitalization of contemporary societies has transformed not only modes of communication but also the very nature of social-psychological interactions. Digital platforms, virtual communities, and artificial intelligence-driven agents now constitute primary spaces of social exchange, raising important questions about identity formation, interpersonal trust, and emotional regulation online. This paper proposes several hypotheses concerning the ways in which digital environments reconfigure social presence, empathy, and group belonging. Methodologically, the study outlines a mixed-methods approach that combines experimental design, survey research, and qualitative content analysis to examine patterns of digital interaction. By situating these questions within the broader framework of socio-psychological theory, the paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolving dynamics of human relationships in technologically mediated contexts.

Keyword: digital environment · socio-psychological interactions · identity · empathy · methodology

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5839

ABSTRACT: The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and socially assistive robots into education and therapy raises urgent questions regarding their effectiveness, ethical implications, and long-term impact. This study applies the Delphi method to gather expert consensus on the future roles, opportunities, and challenges of AIdriven technologies in school and therapeutic contexts. A panel of multidisciplinary experts—including educators, psychologists, engineers, and policy makers—participated in iterative rounds of consultation to identify priorities for implementation, barriers to adoption, and ethical safeguards. Findings highlight strong agreement on the potential of AI and robots to support emotional well-being, personalized learning, and inclusion of children with special needs, while simultaneously underlining critical concerns regarding privacy, dependency, and the irreplaceable value of human interaction. The study provides a framework for integrating expert perspectives into strategic decision-making, offering both academic and practical contributions to the field.

Keyword: Delphi method, Artificial intelligence (AI), Socially assistive robots, Education and therapy, Expert consensus

Emilia Tsvetanova Lazarova, PhD; Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5840

ABSTRACT: This project explores the integration of socially assistive robots into school-based education with the aim of supporting students' learning, emotional well-being, and social development. By embedding robots as complementary tools within the classroom, the initiative seeks to create interactive and engaging learning environments that foster collaboration, empathy, and inclusivity. The project outlines innovative educational models that combine human instruction with robotic mediation, emphasizing personalized learning approaches and the cultivation of 21st-century skills. Special attention is given to the potential of robots to enhance inclusivity for students with learning difficulties or socio-emotional challenges, while simultaneously equipping teachers with new methods to enrich their pedagogical practices.

Keyword: Socially assistive robots, Education, Emotional well-being, Inclusivity, Innovative learning models

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denitsa Muchkurska

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5841

ABSTRACT: The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in advertising has transformed the way organizations design, deliver, and optimize marketing campaigns. By integrating technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, AI enables precise audience targeting, real-time personalization, and automation of complex processes. Intelligent systems improve customer engagement by adapting advertising content to individual preferences and behaviors, thus increasing conversion rates and return on investment. Moreover, AI-powered tools such as chatbots and dynamic pricing modules reduce costs, enhance efficiency, and provide businesses with strategic insights. Despite its benefits, the use of AI in advertising raises ethical and legal challenges, particularly regarding data privacy and consumer trust. Overall, AI represents a powerful driver of innovation in digital marketing, reshaping traditional approaches and creating opportunities for sustainable growth in competitive markets.

Keyword: Artificial Intelligence, Advertising, Personalization, Automation, Digital Marketing

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denitsa Muchkurska

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5842

ABSTRACT: This paper presents the theoretical foundation of the topic "Advertising and Artificial Intelligence". It begins by defining key concepts such as advertising, artificial intelligence, and advertising research, followed by a historical overview of advertising as a cultural, economic, and social institution. Advertising is traced from its early manifestations in ancient civilizations, through the pre-marketing era, the invention of the printing press, and the rise of mass communication, to its transformation during the 20th century. Particular attention is given to the role of advertising during the world wars, when it evolved into a tool of mass persuasion, propaganda, and social influence. The analysis highlights how advertising reflects societal change, shaping consumer behavior and values across historical epochs. Within this framework, artificial intelligence is introduced as a new dimension in advertising, enabling the development of sophisticated strategies for targeting, personalization, and audience engagement. By linking advertising's historical evolution with the emergence of AI, the study provides a theoretical basis for understanding how technological innovation continues to reshape marketing communication and consumer culture.

Keyword: Advertising, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Consumer Behavior, Marketing Communication, Historical Development

Mayiana Mitevska, Prof. D.Sc.; Denitsa Muchkurska

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5843

ABSTRACT: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into marketing and advertising practices has raised important questions about consumer perceptions, trust, and acceptance. This study analyzes and evaluates the attitudes of Bulgarian consumers regarding the use of AI in advertising. The research explores how individuals perceive AI-driven personalization, automation, and content generation, as well as the ethical concerns associated with data protection and authenticity. Through literature review, survey data, and comparative analysis, the study identifies key factors that influence consumer acceptance, such as perceived usefulness, transparency, and trust in technology. The findings suggest that while Bulgarians recognize the efficiency and innovation potential of AI in advertising, concerns remain about privacy, manipulation, and the loss of human creativity. The results contribute to a better understanding of the cultural and social context of AI adoption in marketing and provide insights for advertisers and policymakers seeking to implement AI responsibly and sustainably.

Keyword: Artificial Intelligence, Advertising, Consumer Attitudes, Bulgaria, Trust and Ethics

Gilbert Nyanjagha; Associate Professor Rhoda Bakuwa, PhD; Dr Kizito Kanyoma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5844

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of marketing innovation strategies on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. The study used the descripto-explanatory research design. A stratified random sample of 197 manufacturing firms was drawn from a population of 388 licensed and registered manufacturing firms. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the owners and managers of manufacturing firms. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software program version 28.0 where both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were done. In the descriptive statistical analysis, frequencies, percentages and mean scores were used. Linear regression was used in the inferential statistical analysis to examine the effect of marketing innovation strategies on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. The study found that marketing innovation strategies had a positive and significant effect on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. Specifically, manufacturing firms that implemented marketing innovation strategies registered a greater performance in terms of sales growth than the manufacturing firms that did not implement marketing innovation strategies. The study recommends that manufacturing firms should embark on marketing innovation strategies to increase their performance. They should invest in new or significantly improved marketing methods to improve firm performance through not only increasing customer satisfaction and the demand for the products but also through penetrating into new markets and enhancing the firm competitiveness.

Keyword: Innovation, Marketing Innovation strategies, Performance, manufacturing firms.

Gilbert Nyanjagha; Associate Professor Rhoda Bakuwa, PhD; Dr Kizito Kanyoma, PhD

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5845

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of material supply innovation strategies on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. Descripto-explanatory research design was used. The study used a stratified random sampling technique to draw a sample of 197 manufacturing firms from a population of 388 licensed and registered manufacturing firms. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the owners and managers of manufacturing firms. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software program version 28.0. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to analyse the data. In the descriptive statistical analysis, frequencies, percentages, mean scores and standard deviation were used. In the inferential statistical analysis, the study used linear regression to examine the effect of material supply innovation strategies on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. The study found that material supply innovation strategies had positive and significant effect on the performance of manufacturing firms in Malawi. Manufacturing firms which implemented material supply innovation strategies registered a greater performance in terms of sales growth than the manufacturing firms which did not implement material supply innovation strategies. The study recommends that manufacturing firms should implement material supply innovation strategies to increase their performance. Material supply innovation strategies can help manufacturing firms to increase efficiency of acquiring materials, source low-cost materials, acquire high quality raw materials and gain competitive advantage by having a unique access to raw materials and suppliers with an effective system.

Keyword: Innovation, material supply innovation strategies, performance, manufacturing firms.

Sunday O. Akande; Oluwaferanmi A. Adufe

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5846

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the End SARS movement in Nigeria from the perspective of leadership and virtue ethics for sustainable peace. It explains how youth-led, nonviolent protests against police brutality and government oppression highlighted the limits of leaderless resistance. The author argues that while virtues such as compassion, empathy, justice, and patience are essential for building peace, effective leadership is a vital thread that binds these virtues and makes societal change and lasting peace possible. Instead of force, virtue-based leadership is proposed as a solution to transform conflict, bridge gaps, and establish just peace in Nigeria.

Keyword: Leadership, Virtue ethics, just peace, Nonviolent resistance, End SARS Protest, Nigeria Youth movement social change, Peacebuilding, Empathy, Compassion, Justice, Sustainable peace

Sawal Sartono

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5847

ABSTRACT: This study examines the mechanism through which strategic orientation enhances SME performance, considering the mediating role of digital transformation capability and the moderating effect of government policy. While strategic orientation is widely recognized as crucial for business success, little is known about how it translates into performance in the digital era, particularly under different regulatory environments. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through surveys from 210 SMEs in Indonesia. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) to test the direct, mediating, and moderating effects. The findings reveal that strategic orientation has a significant positive effect on SME performance. Furthermore, digital transformation capability partially mediates this relationship, indicating that part of strategic orientation's benefit is realized by enhancing digital capabilities. Moreover, government policy significantly moderates the relationship between strategic orientation and performance, where supportive policies strengthen the positive impact. This research provides a comprehensive framework integrating internal strategic drivers with external institutional support. The results offer practical insights for SME managers to leverage strategic planning with digital adoption and for policymakers to design effective support systems, ultimately fostering a more resilient and competitive SME sector.

Keyword: Strategic Orientation, SME Performance, Digital Transformation, Government Policy

SONALI SARDAR

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJMSSSR.2025.5848

ABSTRACT: Climate change can substantially affect the country's economic development and standard of living. The extensive enhancement in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mainly due to the excessive use of fossil fuels across several industries, is generating climate change issues. India ranks fourth globally in terms of emissions. In 2008, India introduced the "National Action Plan on Climate Change" (NAPCC), which is associated with eight national schemes aimed at overcoming various problems posed by climate change through mitigation and adaptation strategies. The NAPCC also promotes the Sustainable Development Goals by highlighting these climate-related problems. India is concentrating on several schemes related to its G20 Presidency, which can promote "environmental sustainability". The G20 agenda emphasises several priority areas to combat these challenges. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate India’s current sector and component GHG emissions trend for the financial years 2012 to 2021. It delineates the crucial plan and recent status of implementation of eight national missions under the NAPCC scheme. Also, it indicates budgetary allocation in the case of climate action in India. Additionally, it evaluates the future roadmap of India's "G20 presidency" to overcome the hurdles of the climate change issue in India.

Keyword: Climate Change, GHG Emissions, NAPCC Programme, India’s G20 Presidency